Cyberbullying is “willful and repeated harm inflicted through the medium of electronic text,” according to Siegel and Welsh (2017:9). It involves use of electronic technology such as mobile phones computers and the internet to intentionally threaten, distress or humiliate someone else (DCSF1 2007a: 03).
Juvenile Delinquency is criminal behavior engaged in by a minor child. In the United States, a minor child is an individual who falls under a statutory age limit, most often until their 18th birthday, though some states set the limit to under 17 or under 16.
Parental Controls include use of parental control bars, firewalls, and browser filters on computers to prevent children from cyberbullying and accessing inappropriate content on the Internet.
Routine Activities Theory is criminological theory that asserts that crime is a normal function of the routine activities of modern living. Crime is likely to occur when a motivated offender and a suitable target come together in the absence of a capable guardian. Applied to cyberbullying, motivated offenders and suitable targets (victims) come together on the Internet unprotected by a capable guardian (parental monitoring and parental controls functions on computers and other means of reducing victimization).
Victim/Offender Overlap is the criminological finding that victims and offenders share similar risk factors, resulting in the finding that criminal offenders often also experience criminal victimization. In particular, cyberbullies are more likely to have been cyberbullied themselves (Marcum, Higgins, Freiburger, and Ricketts (2014).